The invention of the electroencephalograph allowed scientists to study sleep in ways that were not previously possible. During the 1950s, a gradate student named Eugene Aserinsky used this tool to discover what is known today as REM sleep. Further studies of human sleep have demonstrated that sleep progresses through a series of stages in which different brain wave patterns are displayed.
There are two main types of sleep:
Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) Sleep (also known asquiet sleep
Rapid Eye Movement (REM) Sleep (also known as active sleep or paradoxical sleep
The Beginnings of Sleep
During the earliest phases of sleep, you are still relatively awake and alert. The brain produces what are known as beta waves, which are small and fast. As the brain begins to relax and slow down, slower waves known as alpha waves are produced. During this time when you are not quite asleep, you may experience strange and extremely vivid sensations known as hypnagogic hallucinations. Common examples of this phenomenon include feeling like you are falling or hearing someone call your name.
Another very common event during this period is known as a myoclonic jerk. If you've ever startled suddenly for seemingly no reason at all, then you have experienced this odd phenomenon. While it may seem unusual, these myoclonic jerks are actually quite common.
Stage 1
Stage 1 is the beginning of the sleep cycle, and is a relatively light stage of sleep. Stage 1 can be considered a transition period between wakefulness and sleep. In Stage 1, the brain produces high amplitude theta waves, which are very slow brain waves. This period of sleep lasts only a brief time (around 5-10 minutes). If you awaken someone during this stage, they might report that they weren't really asleep.
Stage 2
Stage 2 is the second stage of sleep and lasts for approximately 20 minutes. The brain begins to produce bursts of rapid, rhythmic brain wave activity known as sleep spindles. Body temperature starts to decrease and heart rate begins to slow.
Stage 3
Deep, slow brain waves known as delta waves begin to emerge during stage 3 sleep. Stage 3 is a transitional period between light sleep and a very deep sleep.
Stage 4
Stage 4 is sometimes referred to as delta sleep because of the slow brain waves known as delta waves that occur during this time. Stage 4 is a deep sleep that lasts for approximately 30 minutes. Bed-wetting and sleepwalking are most likely to occur at the end of stage 4 sleep.
Stage 5
Most dreaming occurs during the fifth stage of sleep, known as rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. REM sleep is characterized by eye movement, increased respiration rate and increased brain activity. REM sleep is also referred to as paradoxical sleep because while the brain and other body systems become more active, muscles become more relaxed. Dreaming occurs due because of increased brain activity, but voluntary muscles become paralyzed.
The Sequence of Sleep Stages
It is important to realize, however, that sleep does not progress through these stages in sequence. Sleep begins in stage 1 and progresses into stages 2, 3 and 4. After stage 4 sleep, stage 3 and then stage 2 sleep are repeated before entering REM sleep. Once REM sleep is over, the body usually returns to stage 2 sleep. Sleep cycles through these stages approximately four or five times throughout the night.
On average, we enter the REM stage approximately 90 minutes after falling asleep. The first cycle of REM sleep might last only a short amount of time, but each cycle becomes longer. REM sleep can last up to an hour as sleep progresses.

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On July 20, 1973, Lee had been working on a film called Game of Death. While attending a dinner, he began to have headaches. He took a painkiller that he was allergic to, and died the next morning. At this time, the filming of Game of Death was only partially finished. The movie's producers decided to use the pieces of the film already shot, and combine them with new footage of other actors.
To explain this, the producers filmed at Bruce Lee's actual funeral, to write into the story that he faked his death. That way, all of the fill ins would have a logical reason to wear disguises, still maintaining the impression it was the same character. In addition, to make the death credible, they set up a scene with a cardboard cutout of Bruce Lee glued to a mirror. Even crazier, the producers made a SEQUEL starring Bruce Lee, using more unused footage.
The inventor of the snapshot camera committed suicide.
His name was George Eastman. He was the inventor of the first Kodak snapshot camera. You might recognize the name he gave to it: the Kodak camera. In addition to being one of the first brand names invented from nonsense syllables, it also sparked a photographic revolution that is still strong today.
He was able to simplify the photography process and create a product that everyone was able to use. He also pioneered a system in which employees of the company got dividends, essentially making them part-owners of the company. Sadly, when he was 77, he had spinal stenosis, which is a narrowing of the spinal canal. The pain for him was pretty big.
He decided to commit suicide by shooting himself in the heart. He left a short and simple note: "To my friends: My work is done. Why wait?"
A lion’s roar can be heard 5 miles away!
A lion’s roar is one of the loudest noises any animal on Earth can make. It is so loud that it can be heard over five miles away from the lion! Scientists have been doing research on the immense sound lion’s emit and have discovered that the reason its loud isn’t because of lung capacity.
It’s actually because they have an unusual set of vocal cords which allow them to produce a noise that is both hard and heavy at the same time, all with hardly using the respiratory system. These vocal cords contain two membranes which are covered in a peculiar layer of fat that allow the vocal cords to vibrate horizontally, magnifying the sound!  
Carrots do not give you better night vision.
The myth was spread around by British forces trying to hide the radar!

Lack of Vitamin A can worsen your night vision. However, it is an urban legend that eating a lot of carrots will allow you to have superhuman night vision. Here's the crazy story of how this rumor became so widespread.
Between July 10 and October 31st 1940, Germany attacked the United Kingdom in what was called the Battle of Britain. It was the first major battle to be entirely fought in the air. Germany wanted to destroy the British air defenses and get them to surrender. However, the British were able to defend themselves quite effectively thanks in a large part because new Radar techniques had been discovered. Radar was such an advantage, that the Royal Air Force wanted to keep it a complete secret. The solution? Carrots.
During World War II, British gunners spread the rumor that eating tons of carrots was what allowed them to shoot down German planes in the darkness of night. They were trying to cover up any discovery of the radar they had in their hands. The rumor proved somewhat successful as it reinforced German folklore. It also encouraged Britons to improve their night vision by growing and eating more carrots.

Pinball used to be illegal!  
Pinball’s origins can be traced back thousands of years to ancients playing similar games on grass with rolling stones. The modern pinball game that would commonly come to mind was popularized in the 1700’s with the introduction of the spring launcher. By the 1930’s pinball was one of the most popular games in the world and one of the bestselling.
However, this would all have to be put on pause as gambling laws began to become much more strict. In New York City, pinball bans were particularly stringent. Beginning in the early 1940’s until 1976 no pinball machine was allowed in the city. Mayor Fiorello La Guardai was behind the ban because he believed the game robbed school children of their hard earned change.
La Guardia would enact raids throughout the city. If a pinball machine was found police, and the mayor himself, would stand in the street and destroy them with sledgehammers and dump the remains in the rivers.
The ban was not removed until a man named Roger Sharpe testified that pinball took skill and was not linkable to gambling. He reportedly played a game in the courtroom and the jury was so stunned by his skill that they voted to remove the ban!

Stethoscopes were invented so doctors could avoid having to put their ears against women's chests.
In 1816, René Laennec, a French physician, was visited by an overweight young woman with heart issues. He was having trouble diagnosing her using his hand to feel her heartbeat. Because of her age and sex, he did not want to place his ear against her chest.

Knowing that putting an ear to an object allows the ear to hear noises affecting the other side, he rolled up a sheet of paper into a tube and pressed it against the patient's heart. As he suspected, it allowed him to hear her heart much better. After years of development, the modern telescope was finally invented in 1851.
Coco Chanel was a Nazi spy!
The woman is one of the most influential French fashion designers & she is the founder of the famous fashion brand Chanel.
She started her own brand, which is still relevant and wildly successful until today. However, she also led a double life as a Nazi spy!
Documents show that she committed herself to the German cause as early as 1941. She became a paid agent of the SS intelligence. She was involved in a plan that tried to negotiate with Churchill in order for England to cease hostilities with Germany.
When the war was over, she was interrogated by the Free French Purge Committee. They had no documented evidence of her collaboration with the Nazis. She was let go. She also later said that Churchil had helped her. "Churchill had me freed," she said.

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Ek Baar Pappu Plane Se U.S.A
Jaa Raha Tha,
Sath Mein Ek Angrej Baitha Hua
Tha..
.
Angrej:"tum kya krte ho.. ??
.
Pappu:"me engineer hu..
.
Angrej:“Wow Engineer..
Kya Hum Kuch Topics Par Baat
Kar Sakte Hai.. ??
.
Pappu:“Bilkul
.
Angrej:“Achcha, - Tum Mujhe
Nuclear Power Ke Baare MeinKuch Baatao.. ??
.
Pappu Ye Sun Ke Chup Rah Gaya..
.
Angrej:“Ohhh, To Tum Nahi Jante..
.
Pappu:“Jaanta To Hun, Par Sir Pahle Aap Mere
Ek
Question Ka Answer Do”
.
Angrej:“Hmmm, Puchho”
.
Pappu:"“Mandir Mein Bhi Pooja
Hoti Hai Aur Church Mein Bhi Pooja Hoti Hai..
To Phir
Church Ka Ghanta Mandir Ke Ghante Se Bada
Kyu Hota
Hai..??
.
Angrej kuch der soch kar bola:“Pata nahi, Main
Nahi
Jaanta..
.
Pappu bola:“Abe Saale, Pata Tujhe Ghante Ka
Bhi Nahi
Hai,
Aur Baatein Nuclear Power Ki
Karta Hai...:p :O :D

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A married couple is traveling by car from Victoria to Prince George.

Being seniors, after almost eleven hours on the road, they were too tired to continue and decided to take a room. But, they only planned to sleep for four hours and then get back on the road.

When they checked out four hours later, the desk clerk handed them a bill for $350.00.

The man explodes and demands to know why the charge is so high. He told the clerk although it's a nice hotel; the rooms certainly aren't worth $350.00 for four hours. Then the clerk tells him that $350.00 is the 'standard rate'. He insisted on speaking to the Manager.

The Manager appears, listens to him, and then explains that the hotel has an Olympic-sized pool and a huge conference centre that were available for us to use.

"But we didn't use them," the husband said.

"Well, they are here, and you could have," explained the Manager.

The Manager went on to explain that the couple could also have taken in one of the shows for which the hotel is famous. "We have the best entertainers from New York , Hollywood , and Las Vegas perform here," the Manager says.

"But we didn't go to any of those shows," the husband said.

"Well, we have them, and you could have," the Manager replied.

No matter what amenity the Manager mentioned, the husband replied, "But we didn't use it!"

The Manager is unmoved, and eventually the husband gave up and agreed to pay. As he didn't have the check book, he asked his wife to write the check.
She did and gave it to the Manager.

The Manager is surprised when he looks at the check. "But ma'am, this is made out for only $50.00."

"That's correct. I charged you $300.00 for sleeping with me," she replied.

"But I didn't!" exclaims the Manager.

"Well, too bad, I was here, and you could have."

Don't mess with senior citizens..... They didn't get there by being stupid.

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One young man went to apply for a managerial position in a big company. He passed the initial interview, and now would meet the director for the final interview.

The director discovered from his CV that the youth's academic achievements were excellent. He asked, "Did you obtain any scholarships in school?" the youth answered "no".

" Was it your father who paid for your school fees?"

"My father passed away when I was one year old, it was my mother who paid for my school fees.” he replied.

" Where did your mother work?"

"My mother worked as clothes cleaner.”

The director requested the youth to show his hands. The youth showed a pair of hands that were smooth and perfect.

" Have you ever helped your mother wash the clothes before?"

"Never, my mother always wanted me to study and read more books. Besides, my mother can wash clothes faster than me.

The director said, "I have a request. When you go home today, go and clean your mother's hands, and then see me tomorrow morning.

The youth felt that his chance of landing the job was high. When he went back home, he asked his mother to let him clean her hands. His mother felt strange, happy but with mixed feelings, she showed her hands to her son.

The youth cleaned his mother's hands slowly. His tear fell as he did that. It was the first time he noticed that his mother's hands were so wrinkled, and there were so many bruises in her hands. Some bruises were so painful that his mother winced when he touched it.

This was the first time the youth realized that it was this pair of hands that washed the clothes everyday to enable him to pay the school fees. The bruises in the mother's hands were the price that the mother had to pay for his education, his school activities and his future.

After cleaning his mother hands, the youth quietly washed all the remaining clothes for his mother.

That night, mother and son talked for a very long time.

Next morning, the youth went to the director's office.

The Director noticed the tears in the youth's eyes, when he asked: "Can you tell me what have you done and learned yesterday in your house?"

The youth answered," I cleaned my mother's hand, and also finished cleaning all the remaining clothes'

“I know now what appreciation is. Without my mother, I would not be who I am today. By helping my mother, only now do I realize how difficult and tough it is to get something done on your own. And I have come to appreciate the importance and value of helping one’s family.

The director said, "This is what I am looking for in a manager. I want to recruit a person who can appreciate the help of others, a person who knows the sufferings of others to get things done, and a person who would not put money as his only goal in life.”

“You are hired.”

This young person worked very hard, and received the respect of his subordinates. Every employee worked diligently and worked as a team. The company's performance improved tremendously.

A child, who has been protected and habitually given whatever he wanted, would develop an "entitlement mentality" and would always put himself first. He would be ignorant of his parent's efforts. When he starts work, he assumes that every person must listen to him, and when he becomes a manager, he would never know the sufferings of his employees and would always blame others. For this kind of people, who may be good academically, they may be successful for a while, but eventually they would not feel a sense of achievement. They will grumble and be full of hatred and fight for more. If we are this kind of protective parents, are we really showing love or are we destroying our children instead?

You can let your child live in a big house, eat a good meal, learn piano, watch on a big screen TV. But when you are cutting grass, please let them experience it. After a meal, let them wash their plates and bowls together with their brothers and sisters. It is not because you do not have money to hire a maid, but it is because you want to love them in a right way. You want them to understand, no matter how rich their parents are, one day their hair will grow gray, same as the mother of that young person. The most important thing is your child learns how to appreciate the effort and experience the difficulty and learns the ability to work with others to get things done.

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